Download MP3 [36:08]
I spoke alongside Shaun at the 2015 Society for Social Work as well as Research conference. In our interview, Shaun talks most the evolution of CET, the figurer exercises as well as grouping therapy - the 2 components of the treatment, some amazing enquiry findings, as well as how social workers tin acquire trained inwards CET.
Bio
Shaun M. Eack, Ph.D. is David E. Epperson Associate Professor of Social Work as well as Psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh. His primary enquiry focus is on the development, implementation, as well as evaluation of psychosocial handling methodologies for persons alongside severe mental illness. His recent piece of work focuses on the application of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy, a neurocognitive as well as social-cognitive rehabilitation program, to persons alongside schizophrenia as well as autism spectrum disorders. He has published papers on the efficacy of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy inwards both chronic as well as early course of instruction schizophrenia patients, as well as is forthwith studying the neurobiologic effects of the handling inwards both schizophrenia as well as autism. In addition, he has published papers on factors affecting diverse psychosocial outcomes amid individuals alongside schizophrenia, specially lineament of life as well as functional outcome. Dr. Eack also maintains a wide involvement inwards handling dissemination as well as implementation, as well as has published papers on the evolution of the behavioral wellness workforce as well as implementation of standardized assessment tools inwards routine community mental wellness settings.Download MP3 [36:08]
Transcript
IntroductionJonathan Singer: Today’s episode of the Social Work Podcast is most Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (Eack, 2012) - a relatively novel approach to addressing some of the most persistent as well as intractable problems faced past times people alongside schizophrenia. Here’s how nosotros typically think of schizophrenia: It is a severe encephalon disorder which may outcome inwards some combination of hallucinations, delusions, as well as extremely disordered thinking as well as behavior. We verbalize most Positive symptoms: the presence of sensations - hallucinations, beliefs - delusions, as well as behaviors that would non ordinarily occur. Negative symptoms: the lack of abilities, lack of energy, difficulty engaging inwards social activities, hapless motivation, difficulty making friends or functioning inwards psychosocial contexts. Traditional treatments have got targeted the positive as well as negative symptoms. But, fifty-fifty when the hallucinations as well as delusions are existence managed – oftentimes times past times medication, as well as people have got opportunities as well as supports to engage inwards social activities, some people alongside schizophrenia proceed to have got problems acting wisely as well as appropriately inwards social situations. So, why aren't people alongside schizophrenia getting better? Today’s guest, Shaun Eack, suggests that a tertiary grouping of symptoms - cognitive symptoms - has been largely ignored past times treatments. He makes the VERY of import signal that if you lot tin improve cognitions inwards people early inwards the course of instruction of schizophrenia you lot growth the likelihood that they volition live able to live gainfully employed, live independently, as well as have got successful interpersonal relationships. Recognizing the powerfulness of addressing cognitive as well as social skills deficits, social piece of work researcher Gerry Hogarty developed Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (Hogarty 1999).
In companionship to acquire to a greater extent than CET, I spoke alongside Shaun Eack, Ph.D. I spoke alongside Shaun inwards Episode 45 most Schizophrenia. At the goal of that conversation he mentioned this novel psychosocial intervention he’d been working on – Cognitive Enhancement Therapy. At the fourth dimension I genuinely wanted Shaun to verbalize to a greater extent than most CET. But, he was a doctoral student, finishing upward his Ph.D. as well as didn't experience quite create to live "the voice" of CET. Seven years later, he’s done some incredible, groundbreaking enquiry on CET, as well as is considered ane of the leading experts inwards the world. He has published over 70 peer-reviewed mag articles inwards the top journals inwards social work, psychiatry, as well as psychology. In 2013 he co-authored the Sage Publication text, Mental Health Case Management: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Practical Guide, alongside Carol Anderson as well as Catherine Greeno. Today he is David E. Epperson Associate Professor of Social Work as well as Psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh, as well as the manager of the ASCEND Program, which stands for "Advanced Support as well as Cognitive Enhancement for Neurodevelopmental Disorders."
I met upward alongside Shaun inwards New Orleans at the 2015 Society for Social Work as well as Research conference. In betwixt trips to Cafe du Monde to swallow beignets as well as sip cafe au lait, Shaun as well as I managed to have got a fascinating conversation most the evolution of CET, the figurer exercises as well as grouping therapy - the 2 components of the treatment, some enquiry findings that frankly blew my mind, as well as how social workers tin acquire trained inwards CET.
Note: About nine minutes into the interview Shaun is talking most the evolution of CET. I telephone telephone it "version 1." Shaun politely ignores me as well as continues talking. After I turned off the record Shaun clarified that at that topographic point is only ane version of CET that has been evaluated inwards handling studies. So, it is a piddling misleading to tell “version 1,” because at the fourth dimension of the interview at that topographic point wasn’t a “version 2.” And now, without farther ado, on to episode 98 of the Social Work Podcast: Cognitive Enhancement Therapy for Schizophrenia: Interview alongside Shaun Eack, Ph.D.
Interview
Jonathan Singer: Shaun thank you lot thus much for existence hither on the Social Work Podcast as well as talking alongside us most cognitive enhancement therapy. What’s the thought behind cognitive enhancement therapy?
Shaun Eack: Well cognitive enhancement therapy equally it was originally developed for people alongside schizophrenia, is genuinely designed to address an of import unmet therapeutic need. One of the challenges that people inwards the plain have got observed is that fifty-fifty after individuals are able to acquire a goodness response from the medicine they are taking as well as acquire goodness back upward to aid them acquire dorsum on rail inwards terms of their lives after a hospitalization. They yet are having a problem alongside edifice a improve lineament of life, edifice a fuller recovery as well as of course of instruction nosotros all thought that for many, many years that if you lot have got your medicine, acquire goodness social piece of work help, aid broker resources to you, you lot should live able to acquire dorsum on the Equus caballus as well as live all better.
Jonathan Singer: It’s only that you’re having these hallucinations as well as that’s the job as well as if you lot don’t have got them that’s fine.
Shaun Eack: That’s the idea, that’s the prevailing sentiment for the final 100 years on schizophrenia. But many of the people who have got schizophrenia beg to differ, thus of course of instruction medication send alongside them some challenges equally well. In improver fifty-fifty people who faithfully have got them, as well as create do the symptoms yet have got problems making friends, yet have got problem asset information inwards their hear inwards companionship to consummate a task something equally uncomplicated recollect a telephone number to dial a friend or thus forth or fifty-fifty keeping upward alongside the flow of information inwards an interview as well as alongside a dorsum as well as forth conversation is real hard for people alongside schizophrenia. These challenges are heightened inwards the shrewd stage of the affliction are psychotic as well as sadly don’t locomote away when the positive symptoms, the psychotic symptoms locomote away. At the 2nd at that topographic point aren’t whatever goodness treatments available inwards terms of medication treatments for people alongside schizophrenia inwards terms of treating these types of challenges. These challenges that I am talking about, I haven’t genuinely used the term yet, are oftentimes referred to equally cognitive problems as well as are sometimes called cognitive impairments as well as are sometimes called cognitive deficits I liked to refer to them equally to a greater extent than equally challenges. But inwards full general people alongside schizophrenia are left alongside reduced psychotic symptoms but a lot of difficulty alongside agreement the footing as well as processing information. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 lot of us think that this is due to around the fourth dimension schizophrenia develops, it develops belatedly adolescence, early adulthood a lot of of import things are coming on describe inwards terms of knowledge at this signal as well as nail hither comes this status sort of hits people hard as well as knocks them off their Equus caballus as well as what’s left after people have got locomote stabilized are genuinely these difficulties inwards thinking as well as cognition.
Jonathan Singer [8:00]: So what your proverb is that upward until the historic catamenia of lets tell fourteen everything is fine as well as and thus maybe some symptoms as well as and thus past times early twenties he met criteria for total blown schizophrenia, was on medication, positive symptoms were reduced, would this have got been a kid who would have got been able to take hold these social situations prior to schizophrenia or are these kids that e'er had challenges inwards these areas?
Shaun Eack: Yeah, that’s a slap-up query I think the jury is yet out I cant give you lot a definite answer, as well as alongside most things I cant. But the weight of the evidence seems to advise these cognitive challenges come upward on far earlier somebody has a full-blown episode of schizophrenia. And if you lot examine their siblings as well as fifty-fifty their parents or their children you lot volition reckon an inkling of the cognitive challenges that a mortal alongside schizophrenia is challenged inside their family.
Jonathan Singer [9:03]: So that’s interesting cognitive symptoms are non necessarily the outcome of schizophrenia, maybe an exacerbation?
Shaun Eack: Yeah, what the plain has to a greater extent than oftentimes than non thought of is at that topographic point is early markers of schizophrenia at that topographic point is early markers for other weather to, but what nosotros know is that people who develop this condition, they have got these challenges oftentimes but oftentimes non to the same bird when they are fully sick but they have got a hint of these challenges many times earlier they locomote sick as well as thus after they locomote sick as well as thus it becomes horrific as well as they have got a lot of difficulty as well as ane time they locomote stabilized these challenges locomote persistent.
Jonathan Singer [9:53]: So this has locomote known most people alongside schizophrenia for most 100 years, thus what got you lot interested inwards this detail component subdivision of schizophrenia?
Shaun Eack: What got us interested inwards it as well as what got the developer of cognitive enhancement therapy interested inwards it was ane of our ain Gerry Hogarty, non only was the persistency of these symptoms intriguing but what hooked us as well as what I think hooked Gerry was the fact that these symptoms volition predict how good you lot volition do when you lot exit the infirmary fifty-fifty improve than the telephone substitution psychotic symptoms.
Jonathan Singer [10:36]: Really?
Shaun Eack: That’s why I said! It’s only amazing, forthwith at that topographic point have got been many, many studies maybe over a hundred forthwith demonstrating this effect.
Jonathan Singer [10:47]: So when you lot tell predicting improve outcomes, what outcomes are you lot talking about?
Shaun Eack: Pick an outcome you lot aid most equally a social worker, knowledge is related to it, employment, social behavior, powerfulness to brand friends, getting along alongside your family. All of these have got been studied.
Jonathan Singer [11:05]: Medication adherence?
Shaun Eack: Medication adherence! Absolutely! In fact at that topographic point is an fantabulous program, maybe you lot could do a podcast on Dawn Velligan cognitive adaptation therapy, which is designed solely to address cognitive problems as well as to improve medication adherence. The impotence genuinely arose past times the bird of, magnitude that these impairments had on these peoples powerfulness to recover as well as business office after they left the hospital, which the largest portion of people alongside schizophrenia equally the hospitals have got closed as well as locomote shrewd aid centers. So forthwith if your keeping upward alongside me Jonathon, we’ve got 2 problems hither nosotros have got the strongest predictor nosotros know of functional outcome when people exit the infirmary as well as nosotros don’t have got a medicine to care for it, acquire into cognitive enhancement therapy, that was the province of affairs that Professor Hogarty encountered as well as was trying to address when he created cognitive enhancement therapy.
Jonathan Singer [12:02]: So how do you lot heighten cognitions?
Shaun Eack: Well at that topographic point is a lot of ways you lot tin heighten knowledge as well as heighten thinking. What Gerry did was he looked at the literature on encephalon injury which is non inwards the same plain equally schizophrenia as well as psychiatry, but people who have got a traumatic encephalon injury have got real serious cognitive impairment as well as their was an outfit at New York University past times Yehuda Ben-Yishay that was real successfully improving people’s cognitive abilities who had focal encephalon harm as well as how they were doing this was…
Jonathan Singer [12:43]: Wait permit me inquire what is focal encephalon damage?
Shaun Eack: So people who have got had a localized lesion, mayhap due to a stroke. Usually if you lot have got gross encephalon harm you lot probable wouldn’t locomote thus individuals who had fallen off a motorbike as well as gotten a caput injury as well as individuals that have got had a stroke as well as component subdivision of their encephalon had died, these were the things that Ben-Yishay was treating initially alongside figurer exercises, thus inwards traumatic encephalon injury the way they have got been treating as well as improving people’s knowledge was nosotros volition give you lot figurer exercises that are designed to challenge the areas that you lot have got difficulty inwards alongside knowledge as well as if nosotros tin learn you lot to practise that over as well as over ane time again what nosotros telephone telephone drill as well as practise inwards cognitive enhancement therapy as well as learn you lot how to solve cognitive problems strategically past times knowing your ain strengths as well as challenges, perhaps nosotros could improve that at a real substantial level. And over course of instruction they were doing that inwards traumatic encephalon injury as well as at that topographic point was no argue to advise it could live tried or live fruitful alongside people alongside schizophrenia, they have got many of the same cognitive impairments that people alongside traumatic encephalon injury have. The get-go iteration of cognitive enhancement therapy was taking this piece of work that was developed out of traumatic encephalon injury as well as taking it as well as making is useful for people alongside schizophrenia.
Jonathan Singer [14:13]: Version 1 was figurer games
Shaun Eack: And some other of import component subdivision to CET, which was a group. In companionship to explicate why nosotros do these 2 things, I have got to tell you lot most the nature of the cognitive challenges of people alongside schizophrenia have, they have got wide difficulty inwards 2 domains: ane is processing basic information that is difficulty inwards attending information, remembering it, as well as solving problems nosotros telephone telephone that a neurocognitive deficit. Don’t permit these terms fool you, these challenges are inwards the encephalon but this ane is called a neurocognitive deficit. This is non the only challenge that people alongside schizophrenia have, the other challenge that nosotros discussed when nosotros started this interview is a difficulty agreement other people, getting along alongside others, as well as knowing how to deed wisely inwards interpersonal situations, something nosotros could e'er utilisation a piddling aid with. This is an expanse that is sort of a novel theme called social knowledge as well as this it turns out is problematic inwards schizophrenia as well as this expanse is primed for targeting as well as improving areas that nosotros are interested inwards equally social workers.
Jonathan Singer [15:30]: So the get-go expanse of job solving you lot could do this past times yourself, that 2nd ane social skills, that is inherently a 2 mortal chore or more.
Shaun Eack: At least.
Jonathan Singer [15:47]: Is that why at that topographic point is a figurer game as well as a group?
Shaun Eack: That’s right. So to us as well as to Gerry his vision of cognitive enhancement therapy was that the basic problems inwards neurocognition that people alongside schizophrenia had was genuinely addressing a agency to an goal of improving social knowledge which wouldn’t improve all past times itself but if you lot cant pay attending its hard to alternative upward a social cue, right? If you lot can’t recollect what’s going on inwards a conversation, it is genuinely hard to acquire the gist of the conversation as well as live able to contribute. And the thought was that these things would piece of work synergistically, thus that’s why inwards cognitive enhancement therapy nosotros don’t have got a do it yourself version of the figurer piece of work cognitive training, that’s why participants, there’s genuinely a lot of argue why nosotros do this but participants genuinely do the figurer piece of work together as well as inwards pairs as well as alongside someone nosotros telephone telephone a coach. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 coach is someone who would live a therapist but nosotros refer to him or her equally coaches who render CET because the role is different. Its to a greater extent than guided, its to a greater extent than hands off, its gives the chance for people to live challenged without recusing them because what nosotros reckon over as well as over ane time again alongside schizophrenia is if you lot give them the chance to live challenged they volition surprise you lot as well as they are capable of a lot to a greater extent than than people give them credit for.
Jonathan Singer [17:13]: So my characterization of someone siting inwards a chair as well as job solving on their ain does non genuinely correspond inwards terms of what your talking most inwards terms of these job solving skills you lot reckon that also equally done inwards relationship.
Shaun Eack: nosotros do, nosotros reckon that equally the best way to practise it if were every going to displace this social cognitive challenge that people have. Working on these games, figurer exercises at that topographic point hardly games as well as the immature as well as younger people e'er express joy when they reckon them nosotros have got to permit them know that they are oldies but goodies right.
Jonathan Singer [17:46]: when you lot tell younger you lot hateful the people alongside schizophrenia non the coaches.
Shaun Eack: that’s right, but some of the coaches do lift an eyebrow to, but that’s non allowed inwards my program. So these games are to a greater extent than similar exercises as well as it’s a lot similar going to the gym except its going to the gym for your brain. Who goes to the gym to a greater extent than oftentimes either past times themselves or alongside their buddy, thus if you lot have got a buddy as well as a personal trainer equally good your to a greater extent than probable to seat a lot of attempt into it, you lot sometimes may compete a little, maybe force yourself farther than you lot would have got this is sort of similar what nosotros do inwards CET inwards terms of figurer training.
Jonathan Singer [18:31]: What are some of the effects that you lot institute inwards the people that are doing these figurer exercises?
Shaun Eack: Well it’s an interesting query that you lot inquire because CET is an integrative computer programme because it contains 2 parts that occur simultaneously the figurer grooming the neurocognitive grooming as well as the social cognitive training. Were non able to isolate the effects of only doing the figurer piece of work or only doing the grouping the social cognitive groups, but the effects that nosotros have got seen when nosotros seat these 2 together is pretty remarkable. The get-go study was published inwards 2004 alongside 121 people alongside schizophrenia who had been sick for many years on average most fifteen years as well as the bird of improvement that was seen inwards terms of basic neurocognitive powerfulness 2-3 times improve than the medication number that was observed. So on average anti psychotic medication improve knowledge most 2 touchstone deviations.
Jonathan Singer [19:36]: What does that mean?
Shaun Eack: 2 tenths of a touchstone deviation, at that topographic point is the average bird of cognitive powerfulness amid people alongside schizophrenia, which falls at most ane touchstone deviations below people who do non have got schizophrenia. So if you lot displace upward 2 tenths of a signal its non real closed to a total signal to what nosotros telephone telephone people if they did non have got this condition. So the average number of CET on that get-go study was a touchstone deviation. Not only were nosotros able to improve people to a bird that was equally goodness equally earlier they got the affliction or perhaps earlier they deteriorated, nosotros may live able to learn them novel skills they may drive them to live improve than that. And equally the studies locomote on CET gets a piddling chip to a greater extent than refined every time, nosotros acquire improve at knowing how to do it, what should remain inwards as well as what shouldn’t, thus it was streamlined a piddling chip after that get-go study. So nosotros started the 2nd study alongside people inwards the early course of instruction of schizophrenia alongside the thought existence if nosotros could improve outcomes for people who have got been sick for thus long, why should nosotros hold off fifteen years to give it to them. What was interesting inwards that study, when you lot care for individuals that are immature alongside this condition, when you lot acquire to them early at that topographic point are all these barriers that are removed that are inwards the way for them to acquire better. So for representative individuals that have got been sick for a real long fourth dimension are oftentimes times on the disability system, I think most 100% of our sample was involved inwards the disability arrangement as well as at that topographic point was a lot of disincentives for going to piece of work if your inwards that system. These immature individuals nosotros reckon were on mom as well as dads insurance, they were non entrenched inwards a mental wellness or disability arrangement yet, as well as that was sort of component subdivision of the thought also for this study as well as at the goal of the study non only were nosotros happy to introduce that knowledge improved but these immature individuals were going dorsum to piece of work as well as going dorsum to school. I hateful ane of the follow upward interviews when I was a educatee working alongside Gerry on this projection was nosotros followed individuals after they completed handling as well as a yr afterwards asked how they were doing as well as this private sticks specially inwards my hear he said, “things are slap-up I only locomote dorsum from my honeymoon” as well as me this was sometime agone when this study was conducted as well as this was when I was yet moisture behind the ears as well as I had never seen a mortal alongside schizophrenia acquire married as well as locomote on a honeymoon. This was amazing as well as nosotros genuinely locomote something here, Gerry was genuinely onto something. Sadly he passed away earlier that study ended, as well as myself as well as his colleague Matt had to consummate it, as well as nosotros were thus glad that nosotros could because after seeing how good people did inwards this intervention nosotros knew nosotros had something that could genuinely aid these individuals.
Jonathan Singer [22:46]: So at that topographic point is an intervention that uses figurer games, it uses a grouping setting, you lot talked most the figurer games, what does the grouping do?
Shaun Eack: Glad you lot asked! In CET the figurer piece of work is of import but its non the catch of the program, the catch of the computer programme is the group. The grouping is what Professor Hogarty would refer to equally secondary socialization which is an interesting concept it comes out of sociology, broadly the thought is that you lot acquire best past times interacting alongside others as well as observing people do good as well as succeed inwards a rubber surroundings where you lot have got the chance to mess upward as well as nobody is going to acquire on your instance most it as well as were only going to give you lot an chance to do improve adjacent time. And thus the groups are structured around that philosophy, the content is all most social cognition. There are 45 grouping sessions, real structured, it’s a lot to a greater extent than similar a course of instruction than a therapy nosotros all verbalize most social cognition, recovery, the business office outcomes the people who participate are those who are the most interested in.
Jonathan Singer [23:58]: Are at that topographic point 45 different topics covered?
Shaun Eack: There are.
Jonathan Singer: Whoa!
Shaun Eack: Yep it’s a large program, its comprehensive inwards nature, at that topographic point are 45 topics they hit from learning how to have got the perspective of other people to getting the gist of conversations, to something nosotros telephone telephone emotional temperature taking, nonverbal cues, reading facial expressions of emotions, its broken upward to a diversity of modules the tertiary module is dedicated alone to application as well as ane of the exercises inwards it I love, I don’t think our grouping members love it when they get-go start but when they acquire goodness at it they do CET to aid a friend where they had to genuinely CET to somebody else who is having a job that is of course of instruction a social job that has unique opportunities to utilisation the CET strategies to acquire throughout the group.
Jonathan Singer [24:50]: These 45 different topics are these things that Gerry came upward with, you lot came upward with, the touchstone handling inwards traumatic encephalon injury similar where does this information come upward from?
Shaun Eack: I tin have got no credit for the blueprint of whatever of these sessions, Professor Hogarty developed a portion of it, but what you lot reckon is that the early sessions genuinely construct on previous treatments, it tin include a lot from personal therapy, household unit of measurement psycho education, as well as fifty-fifty the early thorozene studies he conducted dorsum inwards the 50s/60s I likely got the appointment wrong. So they genuinely give people a solid base of operations of agreement their condition, the role medicine has to play inwards it, the limitations on it, as well as other things that would live helpful similar psycho social treatment, stress management, those things are what the get-go distich sessions of CET addresses. So you lot tin reckon they are non squarely on social cognition, at that topographic point laying the foundation on this as well as nosotros do that as well as I think Gerry structured it that way because nosotros reckon thus many people that haven’t gotten that already nosotros reckon many people who don’t fifty-fifty know what at that topographic point status is as well as the thing that has been giving them thus much problem for thus long. So that component subdivision of the piece of work came from his early developments as well as treatments as well as the balance of it he was inspired past times his ain creativity. So, Gerry read a lot, if Gerry was live today I don’t think he would permit me tell that I think Gerry would have got given credit to a lot of other people who have got written most this as well as ane inwards detail I should raise people Salomon wrote a mass called “Making a friend inwards youth” Salomon was similar a developmental sociologist the furthest thing from schizophrenia that you lot tin ever think of thus Gerry is reading this mass as well as he said “this is what nosotros demand to learn the people that nosotros piece of work alongside most how to brand friends as well as improve social cognition, this is how nosotros should construction our curriculum” , thus I think he was inspired past times thus many people that worked hard inwards this plain that he genuinely seat it into practice.
Jonathan Singer: I tin almost imagine everyone benefiting from this sort of group, nosotros all have got our ain social skills deficit, as well as I know my married adult woman would tell me that I have got deficits inwards social skills areas.
Shaun Eack: Mine equally well.
Jonathan Singer [27:13]: Have you lot ever had students or coaches come upward inwards proverb “Oh man, I learned something today”?
Shaun Eack: Absolutely, all of us have got admitted that CET has been beneficial to render equally good equally receive. Gerry would e'er tell to me when I was his educatee “never give a handling that wouldn’t live beneficial to you”. CET fits into that regard a lot, to give you lot some thought of the wide applicability of CET though, nosotros have got taken it to to a greater extent than than only schizophrenia. There are groups of people that fighting alongside the social challenges that nosotros talked most as well as something that is similar as well as also human face upward the same social challenges that people experience is autism spectrum disorder. Many people don’t know, but of course of instruction household unit of measurement members alongside a kid alongside autism would know many practitioners would non know whatever evidence based handling for adults alongside autism as well as real few treatments that target social cognition. And thus nosotros have got begun the get-go laid of studies adapting cognitive advancement therapy to adults alongside autism spectrum disorder alongside genuinely slap-up success. The studies are yet ongoing thus I cannot genuinely written report on the findings yet, but the people who have got come upward to the groups as well as participated inwards the computer programme they stay, do well, taste it as well as nosotros reckon existent of import motion inwards individuals. There are a lot of antidotes that I tin give you lot but I volition hold off for the scientific papers to come upward out instead.
Jonathan Singer: And after they come upward out nosotros volition do an interview most CET alongside people alongside autism.
Shaun Eack: Wonderful.
Jonathan Singer [28:51]: So is at that topographic point whatever hard information that you lot have got most CET as well as the effectiveness?
Shaun Eack: Well I e'er thought that work information was hard information personally, but I empathise what you lot hateful past times hard data. There are different things that people consider to live convincing evidence.
Jonathan Singer: And alongside work I volition only throw out, I tin hear skeptics tell they got a chore because they have got a cousin that got them a chore as well as you lot have got a 127 people as well as you lot have got 10 people alongside parents that volition give them a chore that volition throw off your information as well as when you lot have got something that isn’t going to live influenced past times daddy wanting to give Johnny a job.
Shaun Eack: Absolutely, of course of instruction the work information was non characterized similar that all of the jobs people got were existent jobs for existent money.
Jonathan Singer: Not to diminish it of course…
Shaun Eack: I empathise precisely what you lot mean. We have got a computer programme to improve thinking as well as cognition, are hard information should rely on what is happening to the brain. We have got forthwith published the get-go study showing that social piece of work intervention, a non-drug social piece of work intervention, tin protect against encephalon tissue loss inwards schizophrenia. In 2010 nosotros did an analysis of individuals who went through CET showed as well as different people who didn’t have CET who displayed what is typical inwards the early stages of schizophrenia which is a progressive loss of encephalon tissue, grayness thing inwards areas of the encephalon that were specially associated alongside agreement as well as thinking of other people. People who received CET showed no such loss, precisely what were trying to target. And what was thus fascinating most it was that non only was at that topographic point this neruo protective number but the protection against that loss was straight related to their social as well as improvements. So nosotros know have got genuinely hard data. We don’t know what all that means. If you lot asked a neuroscientist is bigger better, is smaller improve I hateful it genuinely depends on a lot of things as well as I wont claim to live an proficient on whatever of that. What nosotros do know is that at that topographic point is a signal inwards the encephalon as well as that signal is related to improved outcomes, as well as nosotros currently have got a study that is going to investigate what the signal mean. Perhaps the encephalon as well as schizophrenia are far to a greater extent than plastic, far to a greater extent than amendable to treatment, perhaps its non equally damaged equally people mightiness think, as well as could live shaped as well as improved inwards a psychosocial as well as environmental as well as hopefully pharmological interventions.
Jonathan Singer [31:37]: I spoke alongside Larry Steinburg, developmental psychologist as well as that was ane of the things he talked most over as well as over as well as specially for the adolescent encephalon as well as the adolescent encephalon existence upward to 25 most the plasticity as well as how malleable it was. Hearing you lot verbalize most this I’m thinking most folks inwards the early stages at that topographic point brains are inwards the nether 25 historic catamenia hit right?
Shaun Eack: absolutely as well as you lot may recall schizophrenia utilisation to live considered a static encephalopathy right? That is a encephalon harm that is non changing, to the lowest degree non for the better. So our promise is that people do these studies as well as our people contribute that modest component subdivision of that expanse that people volition have got a renewed optimism for schizophrenia as well as people halt thinking of it equally a encephalon disorder that has to live static. It is a encephalon status but it seems similar something that nosotros tin genuinely move.
Jonathan Singer: This is slap-up Shaun, I hateful when you lot think most social piece of work as well as the impact nosotros have got its hard for practitioners to tell researcher is straight applicable to what I do. But what your proverb is that people inwards the early stages of schizophrenia as well as the people who have got been diagnosed for many years responded incredibly good as well as at the goal of the tell that is what social workers want, they desire at that topographic point clients to respond well.
Shaun Eack: absolutely, as well as the social workers nosotros trained to render CET they e'er taste the procedure of providing handling but what they taste the most is seeing the people they piece of work alongside that have got these weather genuinely improve. Not everyone improves to the same degree, everyone is on their ain journeying inwards terms of recovery, but they reckon sides alongside the people they piece of work alongside that they have got never seen before, as well as I did similar alongside the private who came dorsum from the honeymoon as well as that makes it thus rewarding. I think that brings it dwelling describe of piece of work solid to practitioners who are genuinely interested inwards making a difference for their patients.
Jonathan Singer [33:47]: So you lot mentioned grooming social workers if I was listening to this podcast as well as I worked alongside people alongside schizophrenia as well as I thought howdy I am going to acquire some of that CET inwards my agency how could I do that?
Shaun Eack: That’s a slap-up question, thus I am pleased to written report that cognitive enhancement therapy has been approved past times SAMSA equally evidence based practice.
Jonathan Singer: Congratulations. That is huge.
Shaun Eack: Thank you lot thus much it was quite a review process, as well as I think that opened a lot of doors to the possibility to reimbursement, people are happy to pay for it, inwards terms of grooming at that topographic point is a comprehensive manual available for some grooming of course of instruction this isn’t something nosotros do thus nosotros tin only have got thus many but were edifice upward grooming centers thus nosotros tin respond to the involvement as well as the demand that is out there.
Jonathan Singer [34:29]: as well as when you lot tell we, who is we?
Shaun Eack: at that topographic point is a side; at that topographic point is a describe of piece of work organisation that is run past times Gerry Hogarty’s married adult woman who is also a psychiatric nurse specialist, Susan Hogarty, as well as a long fourth dimension colleague of his Debra Greenwald called CET grooming LLC as well as people who desire grooming usually locomote to our website cognitiveenhancementtherapy.com as well as they contact Dr. Greenwald or Mrs. Hogarty as well as either obtain the manual or piece of work on obtaining inwards mortal training.
Jonathan Singer [35:11]: So the manual is available through the website?
Shaun Eack: It is, yes you lot tin acquire it through the website, its modestly priced this is piece of work were non trying to turn a profit off of. It was funded past times populace taxation payer dollars thus nosotros similar it to live available to equally many people equally possible drive that’s our hope
Jonathan Singer: Thanks thus much Shaun, for spending the fourth dimension to verbalize to us most cognitive enhancement therapy. It was inspiring
Shaun Eack: Thanks thus much Jonathan.
END--
Audio transcribed past times Isabel Silverstein.
References
- Eack, S. M., Anderson, C. M., & Greeno, C. G. (2012). Mental Health Case Management: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Practical Guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
- Hogarty, G., & Flesher, S. (1999). Practice principles of cognitive enhancement therapy for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 25, 693-708. Full text retrieved from https://www.div12.org/PsychologicalTreatments/treatments/schizophrenia_cognitive_adapt.html
APA (6th ed) citation for this podcast:
Singer, J. B. (Producer). (2015, May 21). #98 - Cognitive enhancement therapy for schizophrenia: Interview alongside Shaun Eack, Ph.D. [Audio Podcast]. Social Work Podcast. Retrieved from /search?q=schizophrenia-and-social-work-interview
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